devoir

Nombre de messages : 17 Date d'inscription : 02/08/2010

Salut Doudou,

J'ai encore un devoir. Je sollicite encore ton aide précieuse pour le corriger.

En te remerciant une nouvelle fois pour toute ton aide

Questions :

Voici le devoir (des questions et une traduction en anglais) :

1) In terms of technology, what problems are many small firms currently experiencing?

Many small firms are looking for external support option which is affordable. Most of them know what they need but they are afraid to outsource their data. They don’t know who can be put in charge of their IT.

2) According to the article, what disadvantages might there be with a dedicated IT
person for a small business?

The technology speed development is too fast for only one person. The only one person can’t have an expertise on all technology a small business can use. There is also a problem if the dedicated IT person goes away. It can damage deeply the business if an IT problem occurs at this time.

3) In Andy Richardson’s opinion, what areas would be good for outsourcing?

The areas which can be good for outsourcing for andy Richarson are : “data management, business development, support, maintenance, sales and marketing”.

4) What advantages can the « cloud » bring to small businesses?

Cloud can give them an affordable solution for get enterprise application beyond their financial capacity. They don’t need to invest in prohibitive cost of infrastructure and application development.

5) Nevertheless, why shouldn’t SMEs rush into using the « cloud » facilities?

SMEs shouldn’t rush into cloud before they know what their needs in IT are. It’s a good way for SMEs to take someone with the skills for study the cloud solution.

6) What environments is outsourcing NOT suited to?

Outsourcing is not suited when you have sensitive information or unique business set up. For instance when there is a critical business or a business which have been customized for a specific need. In this case third party will not warrant a competitive price. In same way if there is data which must be in safe place, outsource could make information more vulnerable.

7) What could happen if a company’s data is held in the USA?

The data held in the USA could be seized under patriot act. It means some data could be look by governmental institution.

8 ) What two drawbacks are mentioned in the article concerning the use of interim IT staff?

Interim give the flexibility labor and can give the skills when you needs and where you need.

The salary pay is more expensive in pro rata than a full time employer and you have to be sure the technology they give you is your own. You must be sure you are the proprietary of your technologies.

9) What alternative to interims does Andy Richardson suggest?

Andy Richardson suggests one alternative could be investigating 'collective IT' . A community IT can be locating in public place as a business park and can be used by all partners and pays hourly on their service they give.

10) For very small businesses, another option is mentioned; what is it?

The very small business should take in consideration to hire someone who have IT skills but can also make the job of the company for operate in dual role.

Traduction :

Computer interim: the salaries rise in 2012

Administrator, analyst, developer, project manager, functional consultant:
Walter has seen some salaries pay raise more than other in one year.

Walters people is the subsidiary of Robert Walters group dedicated at the interim expert. His IT division intervenes to hire specialized candidates in information system. This subsidiary has just published her last annual study on salary and variation she observes this year.

The average salary of a technical project manager can expect has raise of 3.9% between 2011 and 2012 to lie today between 35 and 45 000 euros by year.

It’s more particularly the minimum salary which raises notes Walters Peoples. By passing of 33 to 35 000 euros, it earns 6%. According to Walters People, the salary proposed to administrator in interim is not go down 32 000 euros but not go up 36 000 euros by year. It’s the same result of 2011. However, the hiring office note “the recent evolutions of computer equipment and their networks has offer many opportunities of assignments”. The administrator profiles have come out of it well…

All information of this folder comes of remuneration study 2012 which has been realized by Walters People, subsidiary of Robert Walters group dedicated at interim expert. The numbers are evaluating on the base salaries. The primes and advantages are not including.

The study notes: “in 2012 the assignments in IT will keep up and the hiring with interim will stay stable because of shortage on the market jobs”. Favorable for candidates, the job market will push the company to revise upward the remunerations for attract the best candidates.

Bonsoir, Alexandre.

Je te propose les modifications suivantes:

1) In terms of technology, what problems are many small firms currently experiencing?

Many small firms are looking for external support option which is affordable. Most of them know what they need but they are afraid to outsource their data. They don’t know who can be put in charge of their IT.

Many small firms are looking for external support options which are affordable. Most of them know what they need, but they are afraid to outsource their data. They don't know who to put in charge of their IT.

2) According to the article, what disadvantages might there be with a dedicated IT person for a small business?

The technology speed development is too fast for only one person. The only one person can’t have an expertise on all technology a small business can use. There is also a problem if the dedicated IT person goes away. It can damage deeply the business if an IT problem occurs at this time.

The pace of technological development is too fast for one person to handle. No single individual could possibly have the expertise required to deal with every aspect of even a small business. The problem would be further compounded if such an individual decided to leave the company. And if an IT problem were to occur at such a time, the business would suffer profoundly.

3) In Andy Richardson’s opinion, what areas would be good for outsourcing?

The areas which can be good for outsourcing for andy Richarson are : “data management, business development, support, maintenance, sales and marketing”.

According to Andy Richardson, the benefits of outsourcing would include "data management, business development, support, maintenance, sales, and marketing."

4) What advantages can the « cloud » bring to small businesses?

Cloud can give them an affordable solution for get enterprise application beyond their financial capacity. They don’t need to invest in prohibitive cost of infrastructure and application development.

The Cloud can give them an affordable solution to the pr oblem of expanding their entrepreneurial applications beyond their financial capacities. They could avoid the prohibitive cost of investing in infrastructure and application development.

5) Nevertheless, why shouldn’t SMEs rush into using the « cloud » facilities?

SMEs shouldn’t rush into cloud before they know what their needs in IT are. It’s a good way for SMEs to take someone with the skills for study the cloud solution.

SMEs shouldn't ush into the Cloud before they know what their needs in IT are. It's a good way for SMEs to find someone with the necessary skills to evaluate the solutions offered by the Cloud.

6) What environments is outsourcing NOT suited to?

Outsourcing is not suited when you have sensitive information or unique business set up. For instance when there is a critical business or a business which have been customized for a specific need. In this case third party will not warrant a competitive price. In same way if there is data which must be in safe place, outsource could make information more vulnerable.

Outsourcing is not suitable when you are dealing with sensitive information or have a unique business setup, such as in the case of a crucial business or one which has been customized for a specific need. In these cases, a third party won't warrant a competitive price. Conversely, outsourcing could make sensitive information which must be in a safe place more vulnerable to theft.

7) What could happen if a company’s data is held in the USA?

The data held in the USA could be seized under patriot act. It means some data could be look by governmental institution.

Data held in the USA could be seized under the Patriot Act. In that case, some data might fall under the scrutiny of governmental institutions.

8 ) What two drawbacks désavantages / inconvénients are mentioned in the article concerning the use of interim IT staff?

Interim give the flexibility labor and can give the skills when you needs and where you need. Ce sont pas des désavantages !

The salary pay is more expensive in pro rata than a full time employer and you have to be sure the technology they give you is your own. You must be sure you are the proprietary of your technologies.

Salaries are higher in pro rata than for a full-time employer. In addition, you have to be sure the technology they give you is your own. You must be sure you are the owner of the technology you are using.

9) What alternative to interims does Andy Richardson suggest?

Andy Richardson suggests one alternative could be investigating 'collective IT' . A community IT can be locating in public place as a business park and can be used by all partners and pays hourly on their service they give.

Andy Richardson suggests one alternative worth investigating called "collective IT." Such an arrangement could be located in a public place such as a business park, and could be used by all one's partners. A collective IT could pay hourly for the service they provide.

10) For very small businesses, another option is mentioned; what is it?

The very small business should take in consideration to hire someone who have IT skills but can also make the job of the company for operate in dual role.

Very small businesses could hire someone with IT skills who could also work for the company in a dual capacity.

Traduction :

Computer interim: ~~the~~ salaries rise in 2012

Administrator, analyst, developer, project manager, functional consultant:

Walter has seen some salaries pay raise more than other in one year.
Walter has seen some salaries rise in one year more than others.
Walters people is the subsidiary of Robert Walters group dedicated at the interim expert. His IT division intervenes to hire specialized candidates in information system. This subsidiary has just published her last annual study on salary and variation she observes this year.
Walters People is a subsidiary of the Robert Walters Group, which specializes in interim experts. His IT division is responsible for the hiring of specialized candidates in information systems. This subsidiary has just published its most recent annual study on salary fluctuations over the past year.
The average salary of a technical project manager can expect has raise of 3.9% between 2011 and 2012 to lie today between 35 and 45 000 euros by year.
The average salary of a Technical Project Manager has risen by 3.9% between 2011 and 2012, and now averages between 35 and 45,000 euros a year.
It’s more particularly the minimum salary which raises notes Walters Peoples. By passing of 33 to 35 000 euros, it earns 6%. According to Walters People, the salary proposed to administrator in interim is not go down 32 000 euros but not go up 36 000 euros by year.
Walters People notes that it is more particularly the minimum salaries which rise. The increase from 33 to 35,000 euros results in earnings of 6%. According to Walters People, interim administrative salaries will be between 32,000 and 36,000 euros per year.
It’s the same result of 2011. However, the hiring office note “the recent evolutions of computer equipment and their networks has offer many opportunities of assignments”. The administrator profiles have come out of it well…
The result is the same as in 2011. However, the hiring office notes that "the recent evolution of computer equipment and networks has offered many assignment opportunities." Administrative profiles have come out of it very well.
All information of this folder comes of remuneration study 2012 which has been realized by Walters People, subsidiary of Robert Walters group dedicated at interim expert. The numbers are evaluating on the base salaries. The primes and advantages are not including.
All of the information in this folder is the result of studies of remuneration carried out in 2012, which have been realized by the Robert Walters Group and focused on interim experts. The numbers are being crunched as base salaries are being evaluated. Bonuses and advantages are not included in the study.
The study notes: “in 2012 the assignments in IT will keep up and the hiring with interim will stay stable because of shortage on the market jobs”. Favorable for candidates, the job market will push the company to revise upward the remunerations for attract the best candidates.
The study notes the following: "In 2012, IT assignments will continue, and the hiring of interim staff will remain stable because of the shortage of jobs in the market." This will favor candidates since the job market will force companies to revise upward the remunerations used to attract the best candidates.

Nombre de messages : 17 Date d'inscription : 02/08/2010

Bonjour Doudou,

Je viens de lire et voir mes différentes erreurs. Je pense que je progresse du moins j'essaye Very Happy

. Mais ton aide m'est toujours aussi précieuse. J'ai un dernier devoir pour mon master 1, je te le transmet dès à présent. La correction peut attendre puisque je dois le rendre vers fin décembre. Si tu as un peu de temps pour également jeter un coup d’œil. Dans tous les cas je te renouvelle mes remerciements pour le temps que tu passes à m'aider.

1) What did original www sites consist of in the past?

Previously, lot of website was made up of text because the connections were very slow and user was not patient for wait a black and white picture was appearing gradually on screen.

2) How did macromedia’s flash change things in the mid-nineties?

As the connection start to be more efficient it was possible to see different media as graphics or video in a browser but html technology was not supporting this natively. Macromedia’s flash with a plugin has change the lack of html for Internet browser by allowing seeing video with flash.

3) In what way will HTML5 make life easier for the customer?

Customer will not need to install a plug-in and wait with a black hole a plug-in being installed and working. HTML5 will give natively in the browser all the technology the customer will need for see directly without any waiting or procedure for view the media content of a web page.

4) How could HTML5 help a recipe curator and his/her website?

If you are recipe curator with a website and you have encode the content in HTML5 which can be working on touchpad embedded in refrigerator it could help you know what ingredients you have at home. This technology is adaptive at all new mobile device.

5) Why is google supporting HTML5?

Google is historically a company which makes profit with internet service. Its apps which are essentially on the net like Gmail will become more users friendly. For instance with HTML5 it’s possible to drag a document directly in Gmail, something which was impossible 5 year ago. They are promoting HTML5 and their skills on their main famous page search with adding some doodles which are made with these technologies. It will change how their service operates in ground up.

6) According to the article, why was HTML5 partly responsible for the browser wars in the last years?

Most of current browser available on the market was not present few years ago and the main browser has occasionally updated. Today desktop and mobile device browser get frequently update that enable to incorporate day by day new HTML5 function as they come. And these browsers want to give same experience the user experiment in the apps on the web natively. In consequence the most update browser with the last HTML 5 can give the best browsing experience.

7) Why is it that a lot of brand names don’t like being part of someone else’s ecosystem?

They don’t want being part of someone else because they lose the control of pricing and subscriber.

8 ) How has the Financial Times reacted to this situation recently?

Financial time has removed its ipad apps for get only content with HTML5.

9) Why is the future of Flash not in doubt, according to Danny Winokur?

Flash offer a high quality protection with DRM (digital right management). Something is not again possible in HTML5. Flash also allowing 3D immersive gamming that you could see in specialized video game device but in a browser. Flash is also a pionner in HD feature-rich cinema graphic content.

10) « Ideally of course the end user will not notice, or even care, that the web is being powered by a new updated set of code ». Whose responsibility is this task, if not the end user’s?

The web development community will have this responsibility to make transparent the difference with html5 for end user.

2) Traduire en français l’article adapté suivant

41% of French people has ever buy a products or services on the internet after click on advertising support and 72% has already click on sponsored content present on the classical website.

However, 83% of French people estimate advertising on the Internet disturbs the browse and they find it’s more intrusive than classical advertising for 69% and less creative at 62%. The conventional advertising is judged more fun (69%), more pleasant (71%) and more personalized (73%) than advertising on web and mobile. If 49% of French people are careful at a sponsored SMS by a mark, the strong reluctance stays when they use their mobile as advertising support. In terms of advertising on the Internet, French people are 47% prefer classical link or banner locate side of content rather than sponsored content. The association of advertising at different content (text, video etc.) on the internet is disapprove by a large majority of French people.

The advertising by mail appears as the most attractive vector for French people around the different advertising support on the Internet and mobile device. This is the main teaching of study directed by the technological department of BNP Paribas with Ifop institute with a sample of 1010 people between 18 year old and more questioned online between 10 to 12 may 2011.

You are too humble! You express yourself very well in English. Je vais certainement jeter un coup d'œil sur ton dernier DM. Il me faudrait pour le moins deux semaines pour faire ça vu que j'ai moins de temps qu'auparavant. Very Happy

Nombre de messages : 17 Date d'inscription : 02/08/2010

Salut Doudou,

Je suis content de voir que mon anglais n'est pas si mauvais. Parfois j'ai quelques doutes sur ma façon de m'exprimer en anglais Very Happy

. C'est pour ça d'ailleurs que je sollicite régulièrement ton aide. Concernant la correction comme je t'ai dis rien ne presse puisque c'est fin décembre que je dois le rendre. J'ai également des partiels bientôt donc je te tiens au courant de ma progression. Je ne sais pas si je peux t'aider en retour sur quelques choses par exemple sur du français même si je constate que tu n'as pas de problème dans ce domaine. Dans tous les cas n'hésite pas à me demander.

JRB a écrit:: Bonsoir, Alexandre.

En attendant l'expertise de Doudou, je te propose ceci :

1) What did original www sites consist of in the past?

Previously, lot of website was made up of text because the connections were very slow and user was not patient for wait a black and white picture was appearing gradually on screen.
Lots of websites were previously made up of text because connections were very slow and users couldn’t wait for a black and white picture to appear gradually on their screens.

2) How did macromedia’s flash change things in the mid-nineties?

As the connection start to be more efficient it was possible to see different media as graphics or video in a browser but html technology was not supporting this natively. Macromedia’s flash with a plugin has change the lack of html for Internet browser by allowing seeing video with flash.
As connection efficiency was improving, browsers started to display various media such as graphics or videos but html technology was not originally supporting these.
Macromedia’s flash remedied the html lack for Internet browsers by enabling video displays.

3) In what way will HTML5 make life easier for the customer?

Customer will not need to install a plug-in and wait with a black hole a plug-in being installed and working. HTML5 will give natively in the browser all the technology the customer will need for see directly without any waiting or procedure for view the media content of a web page.
Customers will no longer need to wait on a black page till a plug-in device is installed and works. HTML5 will originally provide browsers with all the technology customers need to see the media contents of a Web page instantly.

4) How could HTML5 help a recipe curator and his/her website?

If you are recipe curator with a website and you have encode the content in HTML5 which can be working on touchpad embedded in refrigerator it could help you know what ingredients you have at home. This technology is adaptive at all new mobile device.
Supposing you are a recipe curator equipped with a website and you have encoded its contents in HTML5 into the embedded touchpad of your refrigerator, it could help you know what ingredients are kept inside. This technology is adapted to all new mobile devices.

5) Why is google supporting HTML5?

Google is historically a company which makes profit with internet service. Its apps which are essentially on the net like Gmail will become more users friendly. For instance with HTML5 it’s possible to drag a document directly in Gmail, something which was impossible 5 year ago. They are promoting HTML5 and their skills on their main famous page search with adding some doodles which are made with these technologies. It will change how their service operates in ground up.
Google is historically a company that profits from the Internet services. Its applications, mostly net ones like Gmail, will become more user-friendly. For instance HTML5 will enable the user to draft a document directly in Gmail, which was impossible 5 years ago. Google are promoting HTML5 skills on their famous main search page by adding some doodles which are made with this technology. It will change the way their service operates in ground up.
6) According to the article, why was HTML5 partly responsible for the browser wars in the last years?

Most of current browser available on the market was not present few years ago and the main browser has occasionally updated. Today desktop and mobile device browser get frequently update that enable to incorporate day by day new HTML5 function as they come. And these browsers want to give same experience the user experiment in the apps on the web natively. In consequence the most update browser with the last HTML 5 can give the best browsing experience.
Most current browsers now available on the market did not exist a few years ago and the main one was only occasionally updated. Today desktop and mobile device browsers get frequently updated, which enables them to incorporate new HTML5 functions day after day as soon as they come out. These browsers are supposed to provide the user with the same experience they originally had with the Web applications. Consequently such browser that has been HTML5 updated should provide the best browsing experience.

7) Why is it that a lot of brand names don’t like being part of someone else’s ecosystem?

They don’t want being part of someone else because they lose the control of pricing and subscriber.
They don’t like being a part of someone else’s ecosystem because they would lose control of pricing and their subscribers.

8 ) How has the Financial Times reacted to this situation recently?

Financial time has removed its ipad apps for get only content with HTML5.
The Financial Times has removed its Ipad applications in order to get HTML5 contents only.

9) Why is the future of Flash not in doubt, according to Danny Winokur?

Flash offer a high quality protection with DRM (digital right management). Something is not again possible in HTML5. Flash also allowing 3D immersive gamming that you could see in specialized video game device but in a browser. Flash is also a pionner in HD feature-rich cinema graphic content.
Flash offers a high quality protection with DRM (digital right management), something that is not possible in HTML5 yet. Flash also allows 3D immersive gaming that can be seen in specialized video games but not in a browser. Flash is also a pioneer in HD feature-rich cinema graphic contents.

10) « Ideally of course the end user will not notice, or even care, that the web is being powered by a new updated set of code ». Whose responsibility is this task, if not the end user’s?

The web development community will have this responsibility to make transparent the difference with html5 for end user.
The web development community will be responsible for the openness of HTML5 to the end user.

2) Traduire en français l’article adapté suivant < Tu en es sûr ? Après lecture, j'ai supposé, peut-être à tort, que la traduction devait se faire en anglais, pas en français.

41% of French people has ever buy a products or services on the internet after click on advertising support and 72% has already click on sponsored content present on the classical website.
41% French people have never bought a product or service on the Internet after clicking on an advertising support and 72% have already cliked on a sponsored content displayed on a given website.
However, 83% of French people estimate advertising on the Internet disturbs the browse and they find it’s more intrusive than classical advertising for 69% and less creative at 62%. French people think that emailing is the most attractive conveyor to carry advertisements onto different Internet and mobile devices.However 83% French people consider that advertising on the Internet disturbs their browsing, some 69% think that it is more intrusive than classical advertising and 62% that it is less creative.
The conventional advertising is judged more fun (69%), more pleasant (71%) and more personalized (73%) than advertising on web and mobile.Conventional advertising is considered funnier (69%), more pleasant (71%) and more customized (73%) than advertising on the Web and mobile devices.
If 49% of French people are careful at a sponsored SMS by a mark, the strong reluctance stays when they use their mobile as advertising support.If 49% French people are careful when they get an SMS sponsored by a brand name, they are very reluctant to use their mobile phones as an advertising support.
In terms of advertising on the Internet, French people are 47% prefer classical link or banner locate side of content rather than sponsored content.As regards advertising on the Internet, 47% French people prefer classical links or banners located beside the contents rather than sponsored contents.
The association of advertising at different content (text, video etc.) on the internet is disapprove by a large majority of French people.A large majority of French people disapprove of advertising that is combined with different contents such as text and video.
The advertising by mail appears as the most attractive vector for French people around the different advertising support on the Internet and mobile device.French people think that emailing is the most attractive conveyor to carry advertisements onto different Internet and mobile devices.

This is the main teaching of study directed by the technological department of BNP Paribas with Ifop institute with a sample of 1010 people between 18 year old and more questioned online between 10 to 12 may 2011.That is the main lesson from a survey which was jointly carried out by the technological department of BNP Paribas and IFOP Institute with a sample of 1010 people aged between 18 and over who were questioned online from 10 to 12 May 2011.

Je reporte ici les notes sur la partie questions et traduction qui refusent de paraître sur la page malgré plusieurs manœuvres d’édition.

Question 5) Je ne comprends pas ce que tu as voulu dire par les 3 derniers mots (in ground up) de la dernière phrase.

2) Traduction Après lecture, j'ai supposé, peut-être à tort, que la traduction devait se faire en anglais, pas en français.

Nombre de messages : 17 Date d'inscription : 02/08/2010

Bonjour JRB,

Merci de ta réponse et du temps passé pour m'aider, je vais examiner plus en détail la correction proposée le plus vite possible.

And a great big thank you to you, Jean, for your invaluable assistance. I was hoping you would step in (intervenir). Smile

Doudou a écrit:: I was hoping you would step in (intervenir).

Ah! ah! ah! Laughing

Too glad I could help. Wink

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